The period solidified the resting-state network concept as a reproducible, cross-subject framework for intrinsic brain architecture. It emphasized noninvasive, data-driven mapping and multimodal integration, linking slow BOLD fluctuations to fast electrophysiological rhythms. Methodological awareness grew, with the recognition that global signal regression can induce anti-correlations and Representational Similarity Analysis emerging as a tool to compare neural representations with computational models.